Of Concrete, Steelheads and Swallows: Anglers Fight to Bring Back a Southern California Native

George Sutherland, of TU's South Coast Chapter, holds a southern California steelhead recently found in San Juan Creek

The bad news about southern California Steelhead: They are endangered. The good news about southern California Steelhead:  They are tenaciously persistent – which just might save them from extinction.  Despite all the obstacles in their way, the few that remain still try to reach their historical spawning grounds.

On the morning of April 17, 2012, while walking on a bike path along San Juan Creek, not far from where the creek empties into the Pacific at Doheny State Beach in Dana Point, California, a man named Brad Rening found a large, dead fish and showed it to a state park supervisor, who called Trout Unlimited’s (TU’s) South Coast Chapter volunteer George Sutherland. George brought the fish to the California Department of Fish and Game, which turned the fish over to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).  Why such a big deal over a dead fish? As you likely guessed by now, it was a southern California steelhead.

A catch of southern California steelhead, Sespe Creek, 1912

About 55,000 adult southern steelhead once annually returned to rivers and streams all along the southern California coast, and anglers were catching plenty of nice fish right up into the late 1940s.  But development, migratory barriers, water diversions, pollution and agriculture took its toll, and now the estimated number of southern steelhead is down to a few hundred.

But southern steelhead are survivors, having adapted to seasonally dry streams in the arid climate that exists in the extreme southern end of the steelhead’s range. In 2002, 40 steelhead were seen in San Mateo Creek in Orange County. A year later, state biologists spotted more steelhead in Trabuco Creek in Orange County.  In 2009, a hefty 37” steelhead was found in San Juan Creek.

“Their habitat is so compromised, particularly from drought and so many concrete barriers blocking their historic migratory passages,” says Drew Irby,  Chairman of TU’s California Council. “Yet they still come back despite all odds. All they need is a bit of help.”

Fishing for southern California steelhead, Santa Ynez River, 1942

TU’s South Coast chapter is working to increase awareness of the southern steelhead and build grassroots support to improve habitat, remove barriers, create fish passages and open up creeks where fish used to spawn. In Trabuco Creek in San Juan Capistrano, for example, fish migrating from the ocean upstream can currently go only as far as a large pool at the bottom of a concrete culvert. If passages were reopened, steelhead would have access to 13 miles of high-quality spawning habitat that reaches into the Santa Ana Mountains.

Every spring the city of San Juan Capistrano holds a week-long festival to celebrate the annual return of American cliff swallows, a migratory bird that makes a 6,000 mile journey to Argentina and back every year. “I hope someday we will also be celebrating the annual return of southern steelhead from the Pacific to their spawning grounds,” says Sam Davidson, a field director for TU California. “Like the famed Capistrano Swallows, the southern steelhead are part of our natural heritage and are indicative of clean, clear water, a healthy environment, and a great, healthy place to live – it’s time to bring them back!”

TU's California Council Chairman Drew Irby points out one of several public educational signs the South Coast Chapter helped create to increase awareness of, and support for, southern California steelhead recovery efforts.

 

 

Last January, the National Marine Fisheries Service completed a plan for returning steelhead to several counties, including San Diego, Riverside and Orange Counties.

 

 

For more information about southern California steelhead recovery efforts, click here: NMFS Recovery Plan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TU Field Director Sam Davidson and TU's California State Chairman Drew Irby at one of several barriers to southern steelhead migration on Trabuco Creek in San Juan Capistrano

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The legacy of place

One of the beautiful things about being human is memory. Memory is not just a film, a television show of time and place past. Instead it lies in the tactile, the auditory, the olfactory . . . We thumb through old photo albums, black pages with memories photo-cornered and captioned in white pencil. These photos take us places, but it is the brain that responds with the full sensory spectrum. I can see the flatness of an old photo and it will spawn a sense of what it smelled like, what it felt like, the sounds that came from the land. I can hear my mother’s voice, or smell the sap-sweet cottonwoods along the river, feel the slickness of trout fresh from water.

My fly rod and me, 1967.

In the mid-1970s, our family found its way to the banks of the White River in northwestern Colorado several summers in a row. There my dad shrugged off the stress of owning his own practice in downtown Denver and my brother and I took to the river with fishing rods and options: flies, worms, Pautzke’s Balls O’ Fire salmon eggs, lures. We laughed and fell in the river, got soaked, dried off. Did it all over again. We went for boat rides on Lake Avery outside the podunk down of Buford, trolling lures with names like Flatfish, Daredevils, Pop Gear. We caught fish every day. I can particularly remember a cutthroat I caught. We called them natives. It fought harder, longer, stronger, than the stocked rainbows and when I brought it to the side of the boat, it netted out at sixteen and a half inches. In our old photo album, there on the black page is my mother’s writing in white pencil: “16 and 1/2 inches!”

A native cutthroat trout, 1974. Digging the plaid pants and shoulder creel.

A few weeks ago, I traveled that old path, driving, hiking and fishing the Colorado places where I had fished, hiked and hunted as a lad full of trigger itch and fishy zeal. The Colorado of my youth has swollen like a spring river from its banks–1.7 million souls in my puppy years to 5.2 million people today. So too has the nonresident zest for a part-time home. Colorado isn’t what Colorado was and I was fully prepared to see some of the places where I’d fished locked up, built over, shut down.

It had been nearly forty years since I had stepped into the White River with a fishing rod in hand. Forty years and many river miles. And yet, it was as I had remembered, oddly enough. Sure, there were some trophy homes along the banks in a few places. The old Sleepy Cat Lodge had burned to the ground years ago. Yet the land, the river, was the same.

The north fork and the south fork of the White still run clear and cold and pure. Lake Avery still sits above the valley floor, still good fishing for rainbows and “natives.” The land is much the same. Yellow flocks of elk thread down from the high country to the lower White, dining on spring grass, mewing like Mynah birds. Hundreds of them, winter coats hanging ragged and spring coming. I stepped into the South Fork and cast to trout for an hour, caught several decent rainbows and looked at the sky line. It was still the same. I caught fish, smelled cottonwoods rising, and listened to red-winged blackbirds trilling. And I thought about legacy.

My brother, Chuck, and me with a stringer of Lake Avery trout, 1976.

I had come to Colorado in part to attend the christening of my latest Godchild who just saw his first birthday. His father and I go back a ways, sharing a passion for good saddle horses, backcountry escapes, sweet fly rods and cold good beer. As I fished the White of my youth and now of my middle age, I thought about this place through that child’s eyes. How incredibly fortunate he is, because we have saved something for him. We have saved my own experience of youth for him. Some day, I will take him here and show him how to thread a writhing worm onto a hook. Show him how to gut a trout and run a thumbnail up against the backbone to clean out the bloodline. Maybe we’ll stay in the cabins at Buford, that operate because the land sustains a legacy of outdoor heritage.

The reason we will be able to do this lies in the country. The river at my feet runs cold because of the land. What we do up in the high country impacts the fish and the fishing and the legacy. We left the White alone: thousands of acres of backcountry flank the White River valley and these so-called roadless lands protect the best of what is left of that lifestyle of old. This roadless land protects our legacy, our elk, our fish. You can still drive a jeep into those same places we did back in 1974, still catch native cutthroat trout. You can see even more elk than there were back then. This is because there are still places that are true backcountry, places to explore, hunt, fish.

Maybe one day this little angler will get to enjoy the same places I've enjoyed over the years. I hope so.

Approximately four million acres of roadless land still exist in Colorado. These are places that are open for adventure. They protect the health of the rivers below, places where little boys and girls can catch fish and learn about life. It is the experience of place and past that can be willed to our generations to come. Country left like it was and like it is, left for now and for the future. Roadless Colorado is what Colorado was and is. It is still there and still will be.

–Tom Reed

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Protecting roadless lands … or “Keep it like it is”

Rio Grande National Forest, Colorado

In 2001, anglers and hunters all across America received perhaps their greatest gift since the Wilderness Act of 1964. The incredibly progressive–and, at least these days, infamous–Roadless Rule was officially put in place by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Say what you will about wilderness lands and roadless backcountry–if you’re a sportsman who understands that very real connection between intact habitat and hunting and fishing opportunity, you were among the rule’s greatest beneficiaries.

Because of what it does–it essentially prohibits the construction of new roads in inventoried “roadless areas” across about 58 million acres of public land within the U.S. Forest Service system–quality habitat has remained largely untracked and untrashed for over a decade. For sportsmen, particularly in states with large swaths of roadless land, like Idaho, for example, this has translated into the preservation of longer hunting seasons, the harvest of larger bulls and bucks from roadless hunting units and the protection of headwater streams where the bulk of our irreplaceable wild trout swim and where our wild salmon and steelhead spawn.

Simply put, the Roadless Rule of 2001 has served to protect our opportunity as anglers and hunters. We’re better off because of it, and our kids and grandkids have a 10-year head start on being able to enjoy the same top-notch backcountry hunting and fishing we enjoy today.

San Isabel National Forest, Colorado

And, today, the future of roadless lands in Colorado became a bit more secure. The U.S. Forest Service released its final environmental impact statement for the Colorado-specific roadless rule. This rule was developed independently after the Bush Administration declared in 2005 declared that states could craft their own rules independent of the 2001 Roadless Rule, which was, at the time, subject to a court battle. The 2001 Roadless Rule is now the law of the land, but Colorado started its own rule and was allowed to move forward with it, much like Idaho did when it passed its own very progressive roadless rule in 2007.

It can all get a bit complicated. But here’s the bottom line. Colorado’s new rule–while far from perfect–serves to keep the bulk of the states 4 million acres of backcountry fish and game habitat intact. It also includes special designations for roadless lands that are home to the state’s three subspecies of cutthroat trout, an inclusion Trout Unlimited is particularly proud of because we pushed hard to get it included.

The rule still needs some work, and our staff in Colorado, as well as staff and volunteers with Colorado Trout Unlimited, have vowed to work with the Forest Service to shore up some of the rule’s weaker language. But on the whole, the Forest Service is headed in the right direction, and anglers and hunters are, again, some of the most profound beneficiaries.

Our nation’s backcountry lands are irreplaceable. Once a road or a motorized trail is punched into the backcountry, the backcountry ceases to exist. Keeping quality fish and game habitat just as it is today–protecting the status quo, if you will–is often the best option when it comes to safeguarding our hunting and fishing heritage.

Think about it. Is “keeping it like is” such a bad thing? I don’t think so, and that’s what protecting our nation’s backcountry is all about.

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NC Mountain Streams and Wild Brookies: TU’s On the Rise

Ashville's rhododendron-lined streams hold many brook trout.

This week’s episode of On the Rise takes viewers to the picturesque town of Asheville, North Carolina, where local mountain streams are teeming with wild brookies.  Jed Fiebelkorn, the host of the show, meets up with TU staffer Damon Hearne, who shows him some of the hot fishing spots in the area.

TU staff work mainly on land protection issues here. Hearne and Fiebelkorn fish near a property in the Pisgah National Forest along the North Mills River where TU has been worked to protect from development. When you see the beautiful fish they pull out of some of the pools there, you will see why it was an important place to protect.

Check out the show tonight or three additional times this week on the Sportsman Channel–it will make you want to put this spot on your list of places to fish.

 

 

 

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How you can contribute to TROUT Magazine

Have you ever wondered, Where do we get those Actionline articles in TROUT? Has your chapter just began or just finish a phase of a project or a whole project? Do you want to be sure that your chapter and area of the country gets a little more exposure? All you have to do is send over a quick email to me, Samantha Carmichael (scarmichael@tu.org) and get the ball rolling.

Actionline articles are usually anywhere from 100-350 words and we try to pack as many photos into the section is possible so don’t hesitate to include them with your email. Right now we are deep into the editing of the Summer 2012 issue but we are always welcoming submissions for the fall issue!

Have you ever gotten an idea for a new project or partnership from reading one of the Actionline articles?

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25 Things to Make You a Better Angler: No. 3 “Love Small”

How often do you see a trout this size on the cover of a magazine?  I don’t remember if I ever have.

I guess small fish don’t sell magazines.  I’m as guilty as any magazine editor of sticking with the tried and true formula.  Maybe I’ll break the mold here at TROUT soon, and feature a sub-10-incher on a cover.

After all, this little greenback cutthroat trout is a trophy, is it not? Personally, I’d trade 20 big stocked rainbows for a shot to catch just one of these wild fish.  But that’s not to say I’m a fish snob… I’ll borrow from Will Rogers and say “I never met a trout I didn’t like.”

Still, I wish more of us media types would appreciate the smaller, wild fish for what they truly represent.  I really do believe that in a quest of become a “complete angler,” chasing smaller, wild trout is important on two levels.  First, I’ve often said, “wild fish don’t live in ugly places.”  Chasing wild brookies, or cutthroats, whatever, inevitably will put you in wonderful places where you can appreciate fishing for trout more.  Part two of the equation is that those wild fish often eat dry flies.  The wilder you fish, the better dry fly angler you become.  And that’s an important part of the learning curve.

Of course, it’s angler instinct to want to go bigger and bigger.  There’s nothing wrong with that (in fact, you’ll be seeing another post that’s the reverse side of this coin in the near future).  But as you fish with others, especially younger anglers and newbies, don’t be afraid to admit that bigger isn’t always better.  Sometimes the “what,” “where” and “how” matter far more than “how much.”

-Kirk Deeter

 

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Anglers: Keep California’s Upper Truckee Like It Is!

David Lass, TU's Northern California Field Manager, fishes the Upper Truckee with his dog, Odin.

Trout Unlimited in California and California Trout are working cooperatively with other conservation partners, businesses and recreational interests on a grassroots campaign seeking Congressional Wild and Scenic designation for 32 miles of the Upper Truckee River, tributaries and lakes in the Meiss Meadows area of the Sierras near Lake Tahoe in eastern California.

The largest tributary to Lake Tahoe, the Upper Truckee is the source of  20-30 percent of the lake’s clear, clean water and is one of the last remaining strongholds for native Lahontan cutthroats, listed as threatened on the endangered species list.  The Upper Truckee is also a popular area for people to fish, hike, mountain bike and explore.

In other words: The Upper Truckee is one of those special, vital wild places that should be protected and left as it is!

The area was recently featured in Field & Stream’s “Best Wild Places” Series:  http://www.fieldandstream.com/blogs/south-lake-tahoe/2011/12/day-1-exploring-south-lake-tahoe

To learn more, and support this important effort please check out and “like” the newly created Facebook Page: http://www.facebook.com/ProtectLakeTahoe

And check out this great new video featuring TU’s David Lass:

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What’s sexy about the Farm Bill?

OK, so not much, really. Unless you love to hunt and fish and understand how Farm Bill conservation programs serve to benefit fish and game habitat on private land all across America.

That’s right. Private land. Farm Bill money goes to enhance habitat on land we may never get to fish or hunt. But if you think fish and game stay in one place and don’t migrate between public and private lands, you’re mistaken. And you’re missing the big picture.

It’s simple, really. Intact habitat equals quality opportunity. Ask anybody who’s bothered to knock on doors in South Dakota during pheasant season. The better the cover, the better the hunting.

Something more germane to our beloved trout? No problem.

Consider a restoration project on private land situated between a Gold Medal river and U.S. Forest Service land. Between the river and the public lands, picture a spawning stream with great potential–a migratory highway between the river and the headwaters of the creek, where big, native cutthroats run each spring to spawn.

Before…

Now, consider the health of the creek. It’s diverted in a number of places for hayfield irrigation. In one stretch, it’s been completely channelized out of its natural course. Ditches aren’t screened. Water is wasted. Cows and horses graze right up to the bank in some places. In some years, all the water is taken out of the creek before it reaches the river, and spawning trout are trapped in standing water, or they don’t bother to migrate at all.

After… just before the creek is brought back to its orginal channel

What would happen if a conservation organization like TU–using some money from the Farm Bill–went in and, with a landowner’s support and investment, modernized the irrigation practices along the creek? Let’s say another landowner agreed to fence off their cattle or funnel them to one hard-bottom spot along the creek. Yet another ranch owner agreed to help put the creek to be put back into its original channel, and helped replant willows along the stream to provide shade and keep temperatures habitable for migrating trout. And, finally, another landowner agrees to replace a perched culvert that, during low-water years, blocks fish passage altogether.

The result? Less water is used for essentially the same agricultural output. Water temperatures are lower. Cover is better. Fish aren’t getting sucked into ditches and ending up as fertilizer. More water is left in the creek. Fish can get from the river to their spawning waters and back. Every year.

And guess what? So can anglers.

This is why the Farm Bill is sexy

Big fish moving around in small water on public land. More fish in the river thanks to better spawning success.

Still think the Farm Bill lacks sex appeal?

TU and our conservation partners who use Farm Bill money to improve habitat and opportunity all over America need your help. The U.S. Senate’s Agriculture Committee passed its version of the Farm Bill this week. We need the rest of Congress to take up the bill and get it passed.

Contact your state’s legislators and ask them to support the reauthorization of the Farm Bill. Much of TU’s good work to improve your fishing depends on it.

 

 

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It’s all about water

Cold, clean fishable water. Help keep it that way

As anglers, we get it. Clean water translates into quality fishing. Of course, it goes well beyond that–it also translates into safe drinking water, healthy communities and an overall healthy ecosystem.

Why, then, would anyone intentionally attempt make it easier to trash our country’s water resources? It’s a good question, and one Trout Unlimited is asking Congress this week. Before it could get out of committee, the House Energy and Water Appropriations Bill was saddled with a rider that forbid the Army Corps of Engineers and the EPA from implement guidance language that clarifies the long-standing Clean Water Act, and lets developers, industry and other agencies know what they can and cannot do when it comes to our irreplaceable water resources.

I know. It sounds like another bureaucratic mess, and it probably is. But what matters is what comes out of the bill–if federal agencies aren’t allowed implement this guidance language, the Clean Water Act (and who in their right mind would argue against the Clean Water Act?) could be wrongfully interpreted to allow activity that could impact a wild trout stream or drain a perfectly healthy wetland near you.

We can talk about the politics. We can talk about the “maybes” and the “ifs,” but when we’re talking about water, let’s be honest. There really shouldn’t be much wiggle room, should there?

Let’s keep clean water clean. Not almost clean. Not sort of clean. This shouldn’t be up to interpretation. The Clean Water Act must protect clean water. Simple as that.

Contact your state’s federal delegation, and let them know this rider puts our fishing, our drinking water and the health of our communities at risk.

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Making rivers whole again

I was reminded the other day of just how big of an impact a single TU reconnect project can have on an entire river watershed. Consider that a recently completed fish passage on an old diversion dam on Wyoming’s Greybull River opened up 100 miles of habitat to trout, for the first time in 80 years!  That’s right — 100 miles. (See the fish ladder pic at left.)  TU’s Wyoming Water Project team led the collaborative effort, in partnership with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Wyoming Wildlife and Natural Resource Trust. As WWP Director Cory Toye said in this article, “The Greybull above and below this dam is considered two of the best Yellowstone cutthroat populations left in the state. It’s one of the best strongholds we have, and this will further secure that and make it better.” By removing this barrier, the river system and its habitat will be made whole, allowing downstream fish to access important upstream spawning and rearing tributaries for the first time in over half a century.

The Hartland Diversion Dam — before

Likewise, in Colorado, the Hartland Diversion Dam once posed a formidable barrier to both boaters and fish on the stretch of the Gunnison River between Paonia and Grand Junction. But TU, in partnership with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Painted Sky Resource, Conservation and Development Council, and other public and private stakeholders, recently completed a fish (and boat) passage by removing the dam and replacing it with scores of raised cones that break up and slow down the flows, allowing fish passage up- and down-stream. For anglers and boaters, a special chute also makes for an uninterrupted 68-mile float, for the first time in decades.

Hartland Dam after removal — showing new cones and fish passage

The reconstructed dam structure “expands the river available to anglers but the main intention is to protect native river fish in the Gunnison River and reconnect two populations,” TU project coordinator Cary Denison told the Grand Junction newspaper.

Multiply these projects by scores of others, and you get a sense of the kind of impact TU and its partners are making on the ground, with landscape-scale habitat improvements and increased opportunity for anglers and other river recreationists.

Making rivers whole again — now that’s an exciting and lasting legacy.

 

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